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St. Catherine’s Residence

A postcard displays a photo collage that portrays St. Catherine's Residence. The postcard's upper portion consists of an image of a young woman sitting and reading in a bedroom and a photo of the building facade. The postcard's bottom portion displays a photo of a church nave and an image of a dining hall.
St. Catherine’s Residence was established in 1894 to provide temporary housing to the large numbers of young women moving from rural areas to Milwaukee for jobs or schooling. The home, originally located at 1131 Sycamore Street (later West Michigan St.), was first known as St. Catherine’s Home for Working Girls. It was administered by the… Read More

St. Francis de Sales Seminary

Long shot of the main building of St. Francis de Sales Seminary behind the St. Francis de Sales statue. The multiple-story building stands in the background. The facade's central part is embellished with triple-arched structures on the ground and upper floors. This central bay is topped with an octagonal dome that includes an octagonal cupola with a cross atop. Several cars are parked in front of the building. St. Francis de Sales' statue appears in the image's center foreground, ornamenting a large green yard in which lush trees grow.
This institution is the major training facility for Roman Catholic priests who serve in the Archdiocese of Milwaukee. It also forms young clergy who serve in other parts of Wisconsin and sections of the Midwest. Moreover, some of its graduates are found in Rome and Africa. Although it currently does not support an accredited academic… Read More

St. Sava Serbian Orthodox Cathedral

Long shot of the facade and side of St. Sava Serbian Orthodox Cathedral. The building's side faces the left, while the facade is to the right. The side's design is elaborate. It features several arched windows and two small entrances with stairs. The facade has the main entrance, a triple-arched portico, and front stairs with handrailings. The stone building has several copper-clad domes with a cross atop each. Snow covers the ground around the church.
St. Sava Serbian Orthodox Cathedral, located on 51st Street just south of Oklahoma Avenue, is currently the main place of worship for Milwaukee’s Serbian Orthodox community. The congregation has its roots in an influx of Serbian immigrants to Milwaukee in the early twentieth century, a migration that called for the creation of a new church.… Read More

St. Stanislaus Parish

Low-angle view of the St. Stanislaus Parish facade against a blue sky. The facade features two identical domed clock towers on the left and right part and a rose window on the central part. Each part has an arched entrance on the ground floor. Red-colored flowers adorn the front area around the stairs. Other buildings in the vicinity appear on the far left and right. The street light on the left glows. The sidewalk and street in the foreground are visible.
Founded in 1866 as the first Polish parish in Milwaukee (and, perhaps, the first urban Polish church in the United States), St. Stanislaus, Bishop and Martyr served as “the mother church for more than twenty Polish parishes” across the area. A towering, twin-spire church topped by golden domes arose at 5th and Mitchell Street in… Read More

State Forests, Parks, and Trails

Colorful murals on walls ornament the Hank Aaron Trail's entrance, leading to a short tunnel with murals all over its surface. Spanning under the tunnel towards the image's background and foreground is an asphalt road with yellow and white-colored marking lines. A cyclist and a bridge appear in the distance.
Despite its urban location, Milwaukee is a beneficiary of Wisconsin’s investment in protecting natural areas. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources manages the state’s forests, parks, and trails. Three are housed in Milwaukee County: Hank Aaron State Trail, Havenwoods State Forest, and Lakeshore State Park. Winding through an area once home to Native Americans and,… Read More

Story Hill

Grayscale elevated view of a portion of the Story Hill neighborhood. Streets separated by medians can be seen. The intersection of North Story Parkway and West Wisconsin Avenue is visible. Some vehicles and a biker traverse the street. A group of two-story residential buildings appears in the distance in the background. Text on the street at the bottom right reads "Lane Turns Left." The words "After Improvement" are superimposed on the image.
The Story Hill neighborhood is on the west side of the City of Milwaukee. The neighborhood’s boundaries are roughly the Menomonee River to the north, Frederick Miller Way to the south, Hawley Road to the west, and US Highway 41/Miller Park Way to the east. But parts of it extend along Blue Mound Road to… Read More

Street Naming and Numbering

Grayscale close-up of a street name sign that reads "N Old World 3rd St" in a Blackletter typeface font. The sign is attached to a pole on the right.
The city of Milwaukee combined three formerly competing villages when it incorporated in 1846. Because the villages had been striving to be unique, each had its own street layout and street-naming scheme. Juneautown, east of the Milwaukee River, was named for its French Canadian fur-trading founder, SOLOMON JUNEAU. Many of its streets were given the… Read More

Strikes

Grayscale long shot of dozens of picketers in warm clothing standing in front of a car outside of Allis-Chalmers factory entrance gate. Chain link fences stand on the image's left and right behind the picketers. This photo shows the back of their bodies. A flag with its pole is visible among the crowd. A group in the image's center stretches their arms forward as if pushing the car out. Several people stand across the street watching the incident. Behind them is a building's exterior wall. Another car appears across the street.
The U.S. Department of Labor defines a labor strike as “a temporary stoppage of work by a group of workers (not necessarily union members) to express a grievance or enforce a demand.” The prevalence of strike action has waxed and waned over the course of Milwaukee and the nation’s history, as particular industries have grown… Read More

Structure of Local Government

A map of Wisconsin inside a frame. The map illustrates regions in Wisconsin marked in different colors to show their borders. Each region's name is written inside its borderlines. The largest areas are "St Croix" in green, which borders Michigan, and "Crawford" in yellow, which borders Michigan and Iowa. Both are in Northern Wisconsin.
Any conversation regarding local government in Wisconsin must begin—and ultimately conclude—with mention of the State (or, to be more precise, of the territories of Michigan or Wisconsin, succeeded in time by the State of Wisconsin). In essence, either the state constitution or its statutes determine the purposes, powers, and prerogatives of local governments, down to… Read More

Subcontinental Divide

A map on a light blue background highlights the Southeastern Wisconsin area. It shows a dark blue-colored line extending from the northernmost to the southernmost area, symbolizing the Subcontinental Divide track. On the top-right is the Wisconsin map in green on a smaller scale, with the Southeastern Wisconsin area marked in bright red. On the bottom-right is a text inside a frame that reads, "The Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SEWRPC) area."
A ridge created by the thawing Wisconsin glacier 10,000 years ago traverses eastern Waukesha County from north to south near the Milwaukee County line. It is a small segment of the Great Lakes Basin boundary, which encompasses all of Michigan and parts of Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and the Canadian… Read More

Suburbanization

1892 map illustrates the aerial view of Wauwatosa and Milwaukee's western suburbs. Extensive green landscape fills most of the area in the foreground. More buildings appear in the background around the area near Lake Michigan. Several areas in the left center are marked in red blocks. The legend for the red area is on the map's right center. The map's title is on the bottom center, flanked by legends mentioning the public facilities and the region's population.
In the United States context, suburbs typically are low-rise, residential municipalities beyond the commercial and industrial cores of central cities, sprinkled as they are with denser, older, multi-family housing stock. In the greater Milwaukee area, the processes and motivations for decades of suburbanization were varied and multifaceted. Some suburbs developed as enclaves of professionals and… Read More

Summerfest

Grayscale elevated view of the Summerfest grounds. Groups of people walk toward the festival entry point in the left foreground. Booths and tents are here and there around the area that borders Lake Michigan in the far background. A large crowd appears in the center-right. Other people are scattered around the booths. A sign in an unusual font reads "summerfest 72."
Launched in 1968, Summerfest is a multi-day event held in June and July featuring music, food, shopping, and family activities that bring more than 800,000 people to the Henry W. Maier Festival Park on the Milwaukee lakefront. Billed as “The World’s Largest Music Festival” by the Guinness Book of World Records in 1999, fans of… Read More

Swedes

Grayscale photograph of Gustav Unonius in formal clothes sitting on a chair with his left hand resting on a table. His head faces slightly to the image's right.
According to the 2009-2013 American Community Survey, some 27,000 people in the Milwaukee metropolitan area identify themselves as of Swedish ancestry. Despite these numbers, the state’s and Milwaukee’s Swedish population, arriving in their largest numbers in the late nineteenth century, never represented a substantial portion of the population either in the city or outstate, and… Read More

Swiss

A grayscale painting depicts John Martin Henni in a short cape and a pectoral cross sitting on a chair with his body facing slightly to the right. His right hand rests on the chair armrest.
The Swiss population in Milwaukee has not been a large one over the years, but Swiss immigrants and their descendants have contributed to Milwaukee’s political, religious, and cultural climates in critical ways. In 1930, some 4,000 people in the metro area reported their father’s birthplace as Switzerland. In the early twenty first century, some 8,000… Read More

Syrians

Reproduction of a sepia-colored group photo of thirteen Milwaukee Syrians posing on stairs. Some hold the USA stick flags. A large American banner appears in the background behind a statue. This photo is slightly torn on the lower right side.
Milwaukee’s Syrian population dates to the late nineteenth century, when villagers from Ain Bordai, near present-day Baalbek in Lebanon, arrived in Chicago for the World’s Fair. At the time, Syria was a province in the Ottoman Empire. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I, the region came under… Read More

Tailgating

A tilted photo of a crowd of people gathering outdoors in daylight. A group stand in the foreground. Behind them are several people sitting on tailgate chairs. Some carry food or beverages. More people appear in the background, standing among parked buses and cars. The stadium is visible on the far left back. Blue sky is above.
For most American sports fans, tailgating brings to mind cool fall days, with smoke wafting through the parking lot in the hours before kickoff. However, for MILWAUKEE BREWERS fans, tailgating is the public manner in which one eats, drinks, plays, and socializes before the first pitch at Miller Park, where the parking lots function as… Read More

Taverns

Grayscale long shot of a tavern's interior with tables and chairs in the left foreground, the bar and stools in the background. A group of people sitting on stools and two people standing behind the bar make eye contact with the camera. Shelves with bottles of liquor are visible in the back. A clock on the wall reads 10:40 and daylight is visible through the window.
Milwaukee’s taverns were shaped by complex societal changes and largely defined by the lasting influence of the city’s large German population and significant brewing industry. Scattered along networks of dirt and plank roads connecting small settlements in Milwaukee and its surrounding counties, early wayside taverns were more than simply a place to get a drink.… Read More

Telecommunications

Grayscale long shot of bicycle-riding messengers posing in two rows in front of a building. All the young people in the front row pose in uniforms and bicycles. People in the back row stand in different clothes. Some are also in uniforms and holding bicycles. The building in the background has three bays. Three companies' signs are attached to each bay on the ground floor. The "Chicago Milwaukee Telegraph Co" sign is attached to the left bay. The "Henry Gollusch" sign is on the central bay. The "Western Union Telegraph" sign is on the right bay. Insurance company signs are visible on the second-floor's windows.
Telecommunications technologies use electronic signals over cables and the electro-magnetic spectrum to allow people to send and receive information quickly over great distances. Milwaukee has a history of ever-changing technologies, with varying levels of competition and regulation of the services used to connect Milwaukee to the world. Telecommunication began in Milwaukee when the Erie &… Read More

Television

Grayscale full shot of eight Milwaukee high school students smiling as they pose with vinyl records in WTJM-TV broadcast studio. They stand on the left while facing to the right behind a high table with record players atop. Behind them is the studio set with the name "The Keen Teens" inscribed on it. A vintage camera with the WTJM-TV logo and an overhead mic are visible on the image's right.
Television debuted in Milwaukee during the medium’s “Golden Age” from the late 1940s through the early 1960s. The city’s local networks were pioneers broadcasting on both the VHF and UHF frequencies. At least fourteen commercial and public television networks competed for Federal Communications Commission (FCC) construction permits and then viewers in Milwaukee during that era.… Read More

Temperance

An overexposed sepia-colored photo of the four-story Temperance House building. All upper floors have balconies enclosed with balustrades. Several people stand on the balconies. More appear on the porch. Atop the building is inscribed "Wisconsin Seaman's Friend Society." The Temperance House sign is attached to the third's floor's balusters. Another building appears on the left.
Temperance, or the crusade against alcohol in Jacksonian and antebellum America, resulted in the first support groups for alcoholics, the first local license laws, and then (in the 1850s and mostly in the Northeast and Midwest) statewide laws banning the manufacture and sale of liquor. The movement coincided with the settlement of Wisconsin and Milwaukee,… Read More
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